Kuthekera kwakukulu kopanga, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito pang'ono, zolakwika zochepa zogwirira ntchito komanso kufunikira kocheperako, kugwiritsa ntchito pang'ono, makina apamwamba kwambiri.
1 | Maliza kulipira:tsitsani waya ndodo pamzere wopanga. |
2 | Kusindikiza kwa Madzi & Degreasing:Kuchepetsa ndi kuyeretsa ndodo za waya zomwe zimalowa mumzere wopangira kuti zichotse zomata zamafuta pamtunda. |
3 | Kusindikiza kwa Madzi & Degreasing:Kuchepetsa ndi kuyeretsa ndodo za waya zomwe zimalowa mumzere wopangira kuti zichotse zomata zamafuta pamtunda. |
4 | Kuchapira:Tsukani ndodo yawaya mutatha kuchotsa mafuta kuti muchotse mafuta. |
5 | Pickling:Chotsani oxide wosanjikiza pamwamba pa waya ndodo, mankhwala anachita. |
6 | Kuchapira:Tsukani ndodo yawaya mukatha pickling kuchotsa asidi otsala ndi chitsulo chachitsulo. |
7 | Kuchapira:Komanso kuyeretsa pamwamba pa waya. |
8 | Kupopera kwapamwamba kwambiri:Kuchita mkulu-anzanu kutsuka pa mkati ndi kunja pamwamba pa waya ndodo kuchotsa otsalira asidi ndi ayoni achitsulo pamwamba pa waya ndodo. |
9 | Kukonza pamwamba:Chotsani zinthu zambiri zachitsulo ndi chitsulo zotsalira pamwamba pa ndodo yawaya mutatha pickling; Thandizani mapangidwe a phosphating filimu yokhala ndi mbewu zabwino komanso zazing'ono; Kupititsa patsogolo kumamatira kwa phosphate zokutira. |
10 | Phosphating:Pangani filimu ya phosphate pamwamba pa ndodo ya waya. |
11 | Kupopera kwapamwamba kwambiri:Chotsani phosphating madzi ndi slag pa waya ndodo pambuyo phosphating. |
12 | Kuchapira:Chotsani phosphating madzi ndi slag pamwamba pa waya ndodo pambuyo kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. |
13 | Boronizing:Neutralize asidi yotsalira pamwamba pa waya ndodo. Anapanga zokutira zotayirira komanso zotumbirira pa waya pa ndodo yoyenera kujambula mawaya. |
14 | Liming:Neutralize asidi yotsalira pamwamba pa waya ndodo. Anapanga zokutira pamiyala pamwamba pa waya wosavuta kujambula mawaya. |
15 | Saponification:Saponify pamwamba pa waya ndodo. |
16 | Kuyanika:Yanikani pamwamba pa ndodo ya waya. |
17 | Tenga popitiliza:Tsitsani ndodo zamawaya zokonzedwa kuchokera pamzere wopanga. |